Biomass fast pyrolysis using a novel microsphere microreactor approach. Fluidizedbed reactor modeling for production of silicon. The effects of temperature and weight hourly space velocity whsv on the product carbon yields and selecti. Pyrolysis of polyolefins in a conical spouted bed reactor. Design, modelling and construction of a scalable dual. Quercus variabilis has been studied to understand pyrolysis reaction characteristics, and to evaluate the efficiency of bioenergy production from fast pyrolysis. The effects of temperature and weight hourly space velocity whsv on the product carbon yields and selectivities of cfp of pure pine wood and methanol were investigated. Introductionfluidized bed reactors have been significantly utilized in chemical processes, in which parameters such as diffusion or heat transfer are the major design parameters. Rule of thumb for design of catalytic pyrolysis of biomass in. The firetube heating reactor system of pyrolysis unit was designed on the basis of the size of the system. This allows very quick heating of the reactor, which can, however, also be cooled down quickly in a second fluidized bed container, which reduces the waiting times between the. Quercus variabilis were fast pyrolyzed in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor at various reaction conditions. Catalytic fast pyrolysis cfp of pine wood, alcohols methanol, 1propanol, 1butanol and 2butanol and their mixtures with zsm5 catalyst were conducted in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor. The position of the biomass particles in the fluid bed, either in the dense bed.
Numerical simulation of biomass fast pyrolysis in fluidized bed and auger reactors soroush aramideh iowa state university follow this and additional works at. The present work concerns with cfd modelling of biomass fast pyrolysis in a fluidised bed reactor. Biomass gasification, pyrolysis and torrefaction, third edition, is enhanced with a new topic on processing and cleaning of product gas of gasification and a brief introduction to biomaterials, making it a versatile resource that not only explains the basic principles of energy conversion systems, but also provides valuable insight into the design of a complete biomass conversion systems. Present reactors for flash pyrolysis include fluidized bed reactors, vacuum pyrolysis reactor, rotating cone reactor, entrained flow reactor, ablative, vortex or blade, twin screw reactors. Pyrolysis of biomass particles using circulating fluidized. The production of activated carbon from coconut shells using. A fluidized bed is a vessel containing a bed of solid particles, e.
The composition of pyrolysis products is affected by many factors, among which the configuration of the pyrolysis reactor is one of the essential parameters, as it influences the heat transfer, mass transfer, residence time of the reaction intermediates. Process flow diagram of 2 fluid bed reactor for catalyt. Using this novel fluidised bed, gravimetric measurements and high heating rate, the thermal conversion of biomass was investigated. Pyrolysis is the process where thermal conversion of organic matter occurs using a catalyst in the absence of oxygen, typically to produce liquid fuel.
Some of these reactors are, 1 fixed bed reactor 2 free fall reactor 3 fluidized bed reactor induction heating reactor 5 fixed bed catalytic reactor out of these reactors fixed bed reactor is easy to. Jul 18, 20 this book will allow professionals, such as engineers, scientists, and operating personnel of biomass gasification, pyrolysis or torrefaction plants, to gain a better comprehension of the basics of biomass conversion. Design and optimization of fluidbed reactor of biomass pyrolysis. Fluidised bed reactor design for pyrolysis epcm holdings. The system is optimized based on numerical simulation and preliminary test.
Design and optimization of fluidbed reactor of biomass. A fixed amount of bed inert material, quartz sand with a size range of 0. Catalytic fast pyrolysis of biomass in a bubbling fluidized. Apr 21, 2009 a system to remove in situ charash from hot pyrolysis vapors has been developed and tested at the university of twente. Schematic of the nrel vortex reactor fast pyrolysis reactor design 11 figure 4.
In this thesis methods to design an upscaled version of the. The volatile content of the char products were higher for the ablative, compared to the results for the fluid bed chars which showed a continual rapid decrease. Fast pyrolysis of biomass in a fluidized bed reactor. Fast pyrolysis of agricultural wastes in a fluidized bed. Water yields were similar in the range of 1116 wt%. Environmental research center in petroleum and petrochemical industries, school of chemical and petroleum engineering, shiraz university, shiraz 7451789, iran. An ideal backmixed reactor model cstr and a fluidized bed bubbling reactor model fbbr were developed for silane pyrolysis. In this work, a fluidized bed reactor model for biomass fast pyrolysis was developed and applied to the bells corners complex bcc fluidized bed fast pyrolysis unit located at nrcan canmetenergy ottawa, canada for testing and validation. The pyrolysis of biomass is a thermochemical process in which woody biomass is converted to several highvalue products such as biooil, biochar and syngas. Biomass pyrolysis equipment designed independently consists of feeding system with twostage screw feeder, fluidized bed reactor, cyclone separator system, condensation system and control system.
Experimental investigation on multistage downdraft. The obtained biooil yield varied largely between 24 and 52 wt%. Levenspiel, fluidization engineering melbourne, fla robert e. Dual fluidizedbed design for the fast pyrolysis of biomass. Design and fabrication of a low cost fluidized bed reactor. Even for the most extreme exothermic reactions, a fluidized bed can maintain an isothermal profile within a few degrees. Design, construction and performance evaluation of a fixed. Compared to packed bed, a fluidized bed has notable advantages such as better control of temperature, no hot spot in the bed, uniform catalyst distribution and longer life of the catalyst. Using a thermogravimetric analyser tga as a fixed bed and the tgfbr as a fluidized bed, the pyrolysis kinetics of olive kernels was studied. Dual fluidized bed design the physical design of the dual fluidized bed system including the solid transfer mechanism that was chosen for the investigation is shown in figure 2. The system consists of a continuous fluidized bed reactor 0.
Integration of the filter system in the fluidized bed should overcome operational problems related to the increase in. Bed a in figure 2 is the combustion fluidized bed, while bed b is the pyrolysis fluidized bed. A central composite design of experiments was performed to evaluate the novel. The biooil production from sugarcane bagasse was studied by using circulating fluidized bed reactor cfbr. Although the literature addressing the modeling of the biomass. The material that follows is based on what is seemingly the best model of the fluidized bed reactor developed thus farthe bubbling bed model of kunii and levenspiel. Design consideration of pyrolysis reactor for production. Predective model of silane pyrolysis in a fluid bed reactor. Design, optimization and evaluation of a freefall biomass fast. Process schematic for a bubbling fluidized bed pyrolysis design 9 figure 2. Fast pyrolysis behavior of banagrass as a function of. Silane decomposition is assumed to occur via two pathways.
The fluidized bed reactor is the centerpiece of industrial fluidization processes. Technology strength strong average weak market attractiveness high low entrained bed circulation fluidized bed bubbling fluidized bed ablative pyrolysis rotating cone. The product distribution and hydrocarbon selectivity are shown to be a strong function of temperature and weight hourly space velocity. This book provides practicing engineers and students with insight into the design and operation of circulating fluidized bed cfb boilers through a combination of theoretical concepts and. Progress of the development of reactors for pyrolysis of. Biomass gasification, pyrolysis and torrefaction 3rd edition. Biomass fast pyrolysis in a fluidized bed reactor under n2. Design, optimization and evaluation of a freefall biomass fast pyrolysis. This allows very quick heating of the reactor, which can, however, also be cooled down quickly in a second fluidized bed container, which reduces the waiting times between the tests significantly.
Operating parameters for the circulating fluidized bed cfb. The biooil yieldsof peanut shell and maize stalk were obviously lower than that ofpine sawdust. The effects of pyrolysis temperature between 400 c and 550 c on product. Process schematic for a circulating fluidized bed pyrolysis design 10 figure 3. Adding a cyclone collector and improving the design of the esp. Differences in bed agglomeration behavior during the fast pyrolysis of mallee bark, leaf, and wood in a fluidized bed reactor at 500 c. Fast pyrolysis of agricultural wastes in a fluidized bed reactor. Design consideration of pyrolysis reactor for production of.
Pyrolysis of quercus variabilis in a bubbling fluidized bed. Download for offline reading, highlight, bookmark or take notes while you read biomass gasification, pyrolysis and torrefaction. This book focuses on the design and operation of fluidized beds in many different industrial processes, emphasizing the rationale for choosing fluidized beds for each particular process. Biomass pyrolysis equipment designed independently consists of feeding system with twostage screw feeder, fluidized bed reactor, cyclone separator system. Economic evaluation of auto shredder residue pyrolysis. Since 1922 when fluidization was first introduced in a coal gasifi. Chemical engineering and reactor design of a fluidised bed. Numerical simulation of biomass fast pyrolysis in fluidized. Figure a1comparison of fluidized bed reactor and novel paddle reactor with using sand as htm. Pdf design of a fluidized bed reactor for biomass pyrolysis. Reactors like the bubbling fluid bed and circulating fluid bed require large amounts of. Based on process parameters and design of the reactor, presence of moisture can. Fast pyrolysis experiments were carried out in a benchscale fluidized bed reactor. Entrained flow or fluidized bed reactors are considered the best reactors for this purpose.
The auger reactor temperature varied between room temperature and 290 c, while the fluidized bed reactor temperature varied between 500 and 700 c. Pyrolysis reactor an overview sciencedirect topics. Moving particles, especially small particles, can transport heat much more efficiently than gas alone. A fluidized bed pyrolysis reactor system was designed, constructed, and tested at reactor pressures less than atmospheric using mined and crushed oil sands from the whiterocks deposit of utah.
Synthesis for materials design and thin film device applications. A novel design of a rotating cvd chamber for production of polysilicon. Economic evaluation of auto shredder residue pyrolysis plant. The jumbo mfr is a semimobile, mechanically fluidized bed reactor pyrolysis unit fig. Design and operation of a low cost biooil fast pyrolysis from.
This book will allow professionals, such as engineers, scientists, and operating personnel of biomass gasification, pyrolysis or torrefaction plants, to gain a better comprehension of the basics of biomass conversion. In pyrolysis process, pyrolysis reactor design is one important key, because it determines the product distribution, both. The reaction gas is cleaned of very fine particles through hot gas candle filters. The design was inspired by tylers concept, but incorporated several additional features. Testing a novel, mechanically fluidized bed pilot unit intended for. Pyrolysis of quercus variabilis in a bubbling fluidized. Fluidised bed pyrolysis of olive kernel biomass in a thermogravimetric. Cfddem simulation of biomass pyrolysis in fluidizedbed reactor. Practical design and theory, edition 2 ebook written by prabir basu. A typical pyrolysis unit comprises feedstock handling and pre process like segregating, grinding of feedstock in fine particles are needed, its heating and finally pyrolysis.
A downdraft gasifier was utilized as the pyrolysis reactor in order to maximize the energy efficiency of the process, and a separate cyclone and condenser were added to capture and purify the valuable byproducts of the pyrolysis reaction. In this type of reactor, a fluid gas or liquid is passed through a solid granular material usually a catalyst at high enough speeds to suspend the solid and cause it to behave as though it were a fluid. International research journal of engineering and technology. Predective model of silane pyrolysis in a fluidbed reactor. Fluidized bed reactor is taken numerical simulation by cfd software fluent.
The fluidized bed pyrolysis process possesses highly excellent mass transfer. The fluidized bed was mounted on a vertically mobile supportplate, enabling the residence times of evolved volatiles in the reactor freeboard to be changed without altering. Char yields increased for the fluid bed reactor above 515c, and also in the ablative pyrolysis reactor. Compared with pine sawdust, the char yields of peanut shell and maize stalk were higher but the heating value of uncondensable gaswas lower. Hence, this study is concerned with the design of a novel. The effects of pyrolysis temperature between 400 c and 550 c on product yields were investigated. Nov 21, 2014 the heattransfer rate in a fluidized bed can be five to ten times greater than that in a packed bed reactor. Catalytic fast pyrolysis of wood and alcohol mixtures in a. Pdf on jan 12, 2019, alaba olumide bamido published design of a fluidized bed reactor for biomass pyrolysis find, read and cite all the. Acid infusion of lignocellulosic biomass as a pretreatment prior to fast pyrolysis has been shown to significantly increase the yield of. Biomass gasification, pyrolysis and torrefaction 2nd edition. The author provides many worked out design problems, stepbystep design procedures and real data on commercially operating systems. A socalled freeboard is located above the fluidized bed functioning as a sedimentation zone for heavier particles. The fluidized bed reactor was online connected to a micro gas chromatograph agilent 3000 for the characterization of hydrocarbon species.
The fluidized bed reactor design included a novel feed input mechanism through suction created by flow of carrier. The fluidized bed reactor can be heated either electrically or via an external combustion chamber divided into several heating zones. Chemical engineering and reactor design of a fluidised bed gasifier. Fluidizedbed reactor modeling for production of silicon by. The conditions used were appropriate to obtain a high yield of olefins, around 58% wt. Design, modelling and construction of a scalable dual fluidised bed reactor for the pyrolysis of biomass. Jul, 2018 multistage gasification process adding multiple air injection at pyrolysis and oxidation to reduce tar content and improve the efficiency. Both models account for homogeneous and heterogeneous silane decomposition, homogeneous nucleation, coagulation and growth by. Design design of fluidized bed fast pyrolysis unit the first step in the design was the choice of reactor type. Autothermal pyrolysis bioeconomy institute iowa state.
Pyrolysis of biomass particles using circulating fluidized bed reactor with heat loop of the heat carrier particles. One type of fast pyrolysis reactor currently used is the bubbling fluidised bed, a simple and. Consequently, a detailed design of a fluidized bed reactor that would allow flexible. The production of activated carbon from coconut shells. Initially, a study was conducted to understand the hydrodynamics of the fluidised bed reactor by. Various types of pyrolysis reactors were designed for production of biooil from different agricultural wastes. Pyrolysis is a promising process to convert municipal waste into fuels in solid, liquid or gaseous forms or valueadded chemicals. A fluidized bed reactor fbr is a type of reactor device that can be used to carry out a variety of multiphase chemical reactions.
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